Healing is an active merci and the foundation of solidarity. Discussion about the past and future of bioethics dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Pavel Dmitrievich Tishchenko

Pavel Dmitrievich Tishchenko, one of the founders Russian bioethics, turned 75 on January 10, 2022. Joining numerous congratulations, journal Bioethics publishes text discussion dedicated to this event. The was initiated by question history bioethics formation in perspective its simultaneous emergence Moscow, Volgograd, St. Petersburg, Kazan. participants exchanged opinions significance I.T. Frolov's ideas for Moscow School Bioethics. influence concept "frontier" proposed Tristram Engelhardt Jr. distinctive features revealed during discussion. It is emphasized that at early stages more concerned with problems clinical trials than moral dilemmas arising from medical practice. An important stage self-understanding events Afghan company, which exposed imperfection healthcare system USSR. touches a critical examination traditional principles bioethics. conversation philosophical foundations modern allowed formulate two theoretical opinions. firs assertion determines theories delay revolutionary changes field and scientific second need stable teacher-student relations sufficient enculturation tradition thinking. noted undoubted humanizing these practice research. At same time risks associated an attempt transfer established Western into practices medicine science were identified. Speakers claimed idea harmonization traditions philosophy ethics. Thus, art should be conceived as active mercy, many bioethical social challenges require solidarity. noted, transforming type value-based communication specialists formalized procedure.